Conflicts

Actually, there are two common reasons why people get into conflict: they do not communicate clearly or listen respectfully and they have different needs and interests, which without some negotiating do not easily coexist. So, it is necessary to respect the other person's needs as well as your own. To tell the truth, active listening is a valuable skill for resolving the conflicts because it enables you to demonstrate that you understand what another person is saying and how he or she is feeling about. Active listening means restating in your own words, what the other person has said. It is a way of checking wheather your understanding is correct. It is not the same as agreement, but it is a way of demonstrating that you intend to hear and understand another's point of view. Besides, you have to soften your tone and avoid defensive or hostile body language when you get into conflict. It is necessary to avoid generalities. Learn to manage conflict by using your head rather than your heart. Finally, if you do not reach agreement, do not be afraid to try again another time. It can sometimes be better to try to resolve a conflict bit by bit, giving everyone concerned time to think and rest.

Gun Control

Every year, more than two thousand people die in the United States from gun-related injuries, most of them the children and the young adolescents. The misuse of firearms is a problem worldwide, of course. But the United States has weaker firearm regulations and higher numbers of deaths. It is necessary to ban the using of firearms in public places and prohibiting the carrying of a firearm, except the policemen. In Columbia the firearms are involved in 80 percent of homicides. There are prohibited carrying firearms on weekends, public paydays, public holidays, and election days. During the ban, if a legally acquired firearm are found on an individual, the weapon are taken from the individual and the individual fined. The rate of homicide was 14 percent lower than expected during the banning on carrying firearms. Denying high-risk users access to firearms also helps to control gun misuse. The term high-risk user is usually applied to convicted criminals, those deemed "mentally unfit," and to drug addicts. It also applies to minors. It is difficult for them to possess a firearm. Many states enacted restrictions on juvenile gun (especially handgun) possession. Thirteen states prohibit only the carrying of concealed handguns. Three Chicago suburbs ban handgun ownership outright. There are the restrictions on the advertising of guns, too. One thing is certain: The more guns there are in circulation, the greater the likelihood that they will be misused.

Employment law

Firstly, I'd like to say that the history of employment law begins with the industrialization of Western countries in the 19th century. Before industrialization most people worked on the land in some craft connected with agroculture. Many employees were in a very weak position because part of their wages was paid in the form of food and accomodation. Now employees have written statement of the employment contract. Besides, employees also have the right to compensation if they are dismissed unfairly or made redundant. Germany and other countries developed systems of insurance to protect workers during sickness, unemployment and retirement. The right to strike was one of the first employment rights to be recognized by law. Actually, many countries have passed laws to ensure that men and women are given equal opportunities to do the same work in the same conditions. However these laws are often broken. So, in conclusion, I'd like to say that it is really important to make efforts to reduce sexual discrimination in job.

Fraud online

In criminal law fraud is the same crime or offense of deliberately deceiving another in order to damage people – usually to obtain property or servines unjustly. The term ‘Internet fraud‘ refers to any type of fraud sceme that uses one or more components of the Internet, sucha s chat rooms, e-meil, message boards or Web sites. So how should we deal with fraud?
Criminals use fraudulent emails (known as phishes) or pop-up Web pages that appear legitimate and are designed to deceive you into sharing personal or account information. The phishes often include logos of the legitimate companies, content from their Web sites, and the names of real employees. The Web site will try and look similar to the legitimate site in hopes of capturing your confidential information. Mail fraud occurs when scammers illegally intercept your mail or when you receive unrealistic offers. Use your spam filter. Many email services now have spam filters that minimize the amount of spam you receive. The filters can help you minimize the number of fraudulent emails in your inbox. Even if you do open a suspicious email, don't click on any links. By clicking on the links, you could unknowingly download a virus or spyware to your computer. Change your online passwords often. Be creative with your passwords – stay away from obvious passwords like year of birth. Include numbers and letters so passwords can't be easily guessed by others. Delete emails from unknown senders. It‘s necessary to be careful about giving out valuable personal data online. Criminals have been known to send messages in they pretend to be a systems administrator or Internet service provider in order to persuade people online that they should disclose valuable personal data. In general, you need to look carefully at online seller of goods or servines who wants you to send checks or money orders immediately to a post office box, before you receive the goods or servines you‘ve been promised.

Civil and public law

Actually, civil and public law are different. Civil law concerns disputes among citizens within a country, public law - between citizens and the state, or between two states. There also are differencies between the main categories of English civil law and public law. Contracts, torts, trusts, probate and family law are the main categories of civil law. Crimes, constitutional law and international law are the main categories of public law.
It goes without saying that civil and criminal procedures are not the same. An English court may force a defendant to pay a fine or to pay the legal costs of the prosecution. He can be sent to prison, too. In a civil court the defendant only should pay to the plaintiff. Criminal actions are started by the state, civil actions - by individuals. The guilt of a criminal has to be proved beyond reasonable doubt in a criminal action. But a plaintiff in a civil action is required to prove his case on the balance of probabilities.
Nevertheless there are many point of contact between criminal and civil law. Althoug the guilty defendant in a criminal case will not be found liable in a civil action about the same matter he will not avoid civil liability. Because the standart of proof in the civil case is lower than in the criminal case.

Lifelong Learning Strategy

I think people should be reliable, sociable and responsible. They should know what they want from their lives. Besides, they should communicate with each other, because only communicating enriches our lives and gives a point. Of course, we have learn much, because the knowledge help us to avoid mistakes. People also should not say any lie, because only truth is a good basic of life. It is really important to be yourself, to be honest. It is nessesary to love your life, yourself, the others. So I would like to say that the most important thing in life is to have a big heart.